OTHERS IN HERITOLOGY

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The museum is a permanent, non-profit institution in the service of society and its development, open to the public. It collects, preserves, researches, communicates and exhibits material testimonies of man and his environment, for the purpose of study, education and entertainment. In recent times, museums are primarily communication centres thatretain and develop all other functions of a traditional museum. The main form of communication is an exhibition, although any transmission of information is considered as communication. However, the museum is not the only institution where objects of this purpose can be found. Namely, there are many alternative types of collecting and storing things from the past, although not enough attention has been paid to them or real significance attributed. A true collector is a special type of collector, their purpose being to put together a collection of related items as complete, unique and as representative as possible. A collector is a person who is passionate about collecting specific items for his own pleasure. There are a large number of people like this, because in fact it is very difficult to think of any object that nobody would collect. Some of the typical examples vary from the collectors of works of art and precious vases, to the collectors of the most ordinary, trivial, useless, discarded items that are searched for in attics and basements, sometimes even in the landfills… In search of at least one such unusual collector, I came across a small heritage museum created based on geographical affiliation: the objects collected in this collection are all representative of the past of Banat.

DEVELOPMENT OF ROMANIAN LITERARY CREATION IN VOJVODINA AFTER THE FIRST WORLD WAR

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In this paper we will analyse the historical progress of the development of the Romanian intelligentsia in Vojvodina, the establishing of Romanian institutions as a result of intellectual activism, but also the emergence of the first magazines and writers in Vojvodina who contributed to the development of Romanian mentality and culture in this area. In the first part of the paper, we will present the historical context of the appearance of the first publications in Romanian, then the presence of literary works in Romanian magazines, publication of the first books in Romanian and the beginnings of the publishing house Libertatea from Pančevo. The aim of this paper is to show to a wider readership the development of the Romanian writing culture in Vojvodina after the First World War until the last decades of the twentieth century, when the Romanian books can be placed side by side with the books of other minorities in Vojvodina. Romanian literature, although relatively “young”, developed rapidly, reaching the level of the literature in the home country in less than a century. Due to its geographical origin and intercultural permeation on the territory of Vojvodina, Romanian literature is unique, interesting and can be explored as a special cultural phenomenon.

BOOKS AND EDUCATION AS A MEANS OF NAZIFICATION OF VOJVODINA GERMANS

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This paper analyses the book as a means of Nazi indoctrination of Germans in Vojvodina in the 1930s. The paper presents books by Nazi authors that were used as the main literature for ideological indoctrination in the Nazi spirit. Less well-known data are given from the Novi Sad bookstore “Kultura”, which specialized in wider scale Nazi literature. The Private German Teachers’ School in Novi Vrbas, which was the centre of Nazi propaganda, is a special focus. This isimportant to mention because future teachers used their position toideologically guide their students in the Nazi spirit through books. It was published and reported in the Serbian press of that time about the Nazi propaganda that was conducted in the area of the Danube County (Dunavska Banovina). The conclusion of this paper suggests that the books had a huge impact on the nazification of Germans as a Yugoslav minority, at a time when other media (except the press) were hardly present in the national community.

TRANSLATION WORK OF ROMANIANS FROM THE TERRITORY OF PRESENT DAY VOJVODINA IN THE 19TH AND THE FIRST DECADES OF THE 20TH CENTURY

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The paper presents different aspects of the translation work o fRomanians from the territory of the present day Vojvodina (Banat)during the 19th and the first decades of the 20th century, up until theSecond World War. The translation work in administration, education, religious institutions, and primarily in journalism and literature, has played an important role in the multicultural society of Banat. Various languages, cultures, traditions and religions interacted and intertwined there, and the society functioned on principles which enabled mutual understanding and cooperative work of all those who lived in Banat, regardless of the differences. The first translations in the Romanian language, primarily from German and Serbian, appeared in the 18th century, for the needs of state administration, education or religious work. The translations became more diverse and of a higher quality thanks to the work of the first elite Romanian intellectuals from the period of the late Enlightenment, the representatives of whom were Paul Iorgovici, Constantin Diaconovici Loga, and Sofronie Ivacicovici. In the 19th century, the translations got new content in the form of publication of multilingual posters, invitations, association rules, monetary instructions, newspaper articles, religious books, but also literary works, among which the most prominent were the translations of Hungarian literary works to the Romanian language, done by the writer and publicist Alexandru Țințariu. In the period between the two World Wars, translation work also gained new content because translations from German and Hungarian to Romanian stopped as the focus was placed on translations from Serbian to Romanian and viceversa. 

MEDIEVAL LIBRARIES IN PRESENT-DAY VOJVODINA

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Throughout history, the region of present-day northern Serbian province of Vojvodina has been a crossroads of cultures and civilizations. In this context, one can observe the history of medieval libraries. In this period of time, some sources have documented the existence of a library in a very famous and rich Cistercian monastery in Petrovaradin. This was one of the most prominent convents in medieval Hungary and even Rodrigo Borgia was trying to obtain the incomes of this abbey by becoming its governor. There is an inventory of this monastery dating back to 1495 where many liturgical books are listed. The city and the fortress of Bač were a centre of renaissance in the medieval Southern Hungary, thanks to the work of the archbishop Peter Varadi. What has remained of his library shows that he has read classical Greek and Roman authors, patristic texts, Byzantine writers and so on. Finally, in the monastery of Krušedol, built in 1508, the Serbs who fled to Hungary had their first large-scale cultural and spiritual centre, with a vast library from which several valuable manuscripts have survived.