THE COMPOSER AND THE PUBLIC

CONSCIOUS DETERMINANTS OF THE ETHNIC DISTANCE

INTELLECTUALS AGAINST THE INTELLECT

THE SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH TYPE APPROACH TO MEDIA

Scientific research in the area of (mass)media no matter how rare is also focused on almost exclusively those segments of (mass)media participation in the shaping of reality that puts almost nothing into question. It often reaches the level of conscious non research of themes relevant to the philosophy of media as such. The question of scientific (non) research in the area of (mass)media is closely related to the impact the advertisery and politics have on the media. Most of the research is associated with the ordered studies of individual corporations who by producing for the market must investigate the market expectations that is, follow the relationships on the market as well as the realization.

AFFIRMATIVE MEDIA USE OF NEGATIVE STEREOTYPES: BORAT AS CONCRETE UNIVERSAL

The paper proposes an analysis of stereotype representations in the movie Borat: Cultural Learnings of America for Make Benefit Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan (2006) based on the Hegelian concept of concrete universal in comedy, which then constitutes the ground for reflection on the possibility of positive usage of negative stereotypes, the usage that would make possible to point out the mode in which the stereotypical constructions function, as well as possible way of their subversion within their own domain. We will claim that the character of Borat embodies the Western stereotype of a member of a poor non-capitalist country and that, when confronted with an embodiment of its own stereotypes and prejudices, it becomes evident that the Western society is reduced to nothing but stereotypes as well, but the ones that present themselves as unquestionable.This confrontation brings about a certain short circuit which is the basis for subversion that makes the mechanisms by which stereotypes function visible. As Borat is an embodiment of the above mentioned stereotype, an attempt to classify all the stereotypes in the movie must inevitably fail, because many of them converge in only one character or situation, which brings stereotypical representations to maximum but also to the point of absurd. Nevertheless we will claim that although it seems that the ethnical stereotype is dominant in the movie, it is actually the class stereotype that is the dominant one. The figure of concrete universal at which particular and universal merge is the figure which subverts the very structure in which it appears. Merely its presence in the structure makes the necessarily hidden function mechanisms of the structure visible. Borat is precisely such (concrete universal) character who in the current ideological constellation of dominating global capitalist pretensions points out the moment of potential subversion.

CONTRIBUTION TO CRITICAL THINKING

LITERATURE AND SOCIETY

CULTURE, MUSIC, POLITICS